Ratchet-wrench



v (No Model.)

S. HUSSEY. RATGHET WRENCH.

No. 484,758. Patented Oct. 18, 1892.

.w il i Iky/ z UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

sILvANs HUssEY, or BEANT, NEW YORK.

RATCHET-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,753, dated October18, 1892.

l Application led July 23, 1891. Serial No. 400,409. (No model.)

To all whom it 71mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, SILvANUs HUssEY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brant, in the county of Erie and State of New York, haveinvented new and usefullmprovelnents in Ratchet-lVrenches, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of ratch et-wrenches which areprovided with a rotating ratchet-disk carrying adjustable clamping-jawsand a pawl secured to the handle of the wrench and engaging with theteeth ot' the ratchet-disk, whereby the ratchet-disk and clamping-jawsare rotated by a forwardand-backward movement of the handle.

The object of my invention is Ato produce a ratchet-wrench of thischaracter which shall be simple and inexpensive in construction andwhich can be readily converted into a ratchet brace or drill.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of myimproved ratchetwrench. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section thereof atright angles to Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section in line a: .90,Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse section in line y y, Fig. 2.

Like letters of reference referto like parts in the several figures. A

Arepresents the handle ot' the wrench, and B :is a bar or shank formingan extension of the handle and secured with its inner end to the rearside of the handle by screws b.

C represents a ratchet-diskprovided on its periphery with teeth c and onits rear side with a central hub or boss c', arranged in a circularopening formed in the outer end of the shank B. The outer end of theboss or hub is provided with an external screw-thread, which receives aclamping-nut c2, whereby the ratchet-disk is pivotally secured to theshank of the handle.

D D represent two laterally-extending jaws arranged to move radiallytoward and from each other on the ratchet-disk. These jaws are arrangedon opposite sides ot' the center of the disk and eachjaw is providedwith groovesdd, which engage with parallel guide rails or ways d d',formed on the face of the ratchet-disk.

E represents an adjustingscrew whereby the jaws are adjusted toward andfrom each jaws and the guide-rails, whereby the adjusting-screw is held`against lengthwise movement and the jaws are compelled to move equallytoward and from the center of the ratchet-disk when the adjusting-screwis turned. The outer ends of thev adjustingscrew are provided withtransverse slits e2, and the inner end of a rod G engages in one of saidslits for turningthe screw and adjusting the jaws. The rod G is arrangedlengthwise in the handleAandis journaled in bearings formed at the outerend and near the inner portion of the handle. The inner end of the rodGis provided witha cylindrical socket g and a transverse rib g', whichengage with the adjacent end of the adj usting-screw when the latter isarranged in an axial line with the rod. The rod G is forced against theend of the adjusting-screw with its transverse rib in engagement withthe transverse'slit in the adjacent end of the adjusting-screw byacoilspring 71, arranged in a socket or recess h in the handle. Thespring h surrounds the rod and bears with its ends against the bottom ofthe socket 7L and a shoulder h2, formed on the rod. The outer end of therod G is provided with a thumb piece or collar t', which bears againstthe outer end of the handle and limits the forward or inner movement ofthe rod by the spring. WVhen the inner end ot' the rod G is coupled withthe adj Listing-screw, the latter canv be readily turned for adjustingthe position of the jaws of the wrench by turningthe thumb piece orcollar t'.

J represents a sleeve surrounding the outer cylindrical portion j of thehandle and bearing against the collar 'L' of the sliding rod G.

j representsapin secured tothe cylindrical portion j of the handle andprojecting through an inclined or cam slot 3'2, formed in the sleeve ICOJ. Upon turning thesleevelnthe,direction of the arrow in Fig. l 'the pinonthelhandle engaging with the cam-slot in the sleeve will cause thelatter to move lengthwise and. engage against the shoulder jot' thethumbpiece, whereby the latter and the rod at-N tached thereto are movedoutwardly. In moving the adjusting-rod outwardly its inner end isdisengaged from the adjusting-,screw and the spring t,surrounding therod, is compressed. By turning the cam-sleeve in the opposite directionthe spring h is permitted to draw the adj usting-rod inwardly and couplethe latter with the adjusting-screw, e

j* represents a notch formed at one end of the cam-slot and adapted toreceive the pin` .7", whereby the sleeve is preventedfromiturn-` ing inthe opposite direction-and the` adjustving-rod is held out ofengagementiwith .the

adj usting-screw.

Krepresents the pawl, whichis pivoted to the shank of the handle andengageswith .the teeth of the ratchet-disk, wherebythe latter is lockedon the handle and causedto turn` with the handle. The pawlK isarrangedima recess l, formed in' the-handle-shank, andfisl pivoted therein by apin orboltlc. "Bhe ends of the pawl project outwardlyyon opposite. sidesof the handle, and each end ofithe pawl is provided with a tooth or noserkywvhichis adapted to engage between the teeth 4ot' the: ratchet-disk.The pawl is provided in rearl of its pivot with an arm or trip-fingerk2,

' which bears against -a spring 7c3, seated in thev recess in thehandle-shan k, whereby the tooth at either end of the pawl is heldinengage` ment between the teeth of the ratchet-disk.- The spring 7.58 ispreferably U-shaped, withl` 'its bent or middle portion bearing againstthe arm 7a2 of the pawl, and its ends resting oni shoulders l', formedin the "recess lof the han- (lle-shank. The teeth of the pawl whichengagewith the ratchet disk are `provided with straight or abruptouter'faees and `inclinedorl` beveled inner faces which permit the pawlto' ride over the teeth of the ratchet-disk without turning thelatterupon swinging the handle-in 1 one direction and cause the ratchet-disktobe` locked by the pawl and turn with the handle when the latter is swung-in the opposite di#` rection. By disengaging both teeth of the? pawlfrom the ratchet-disk and-engagingthel inner end of the stem or rodwith-the adjusting-screw the ratchet-disk is locked against movement ineither direction and thewrench can-be used as an ordinaryiwrench.

VM represents abrace wherebyipressure may be applied to the tool whichisclamped between the jaws of the'wrench. This brace consists,essentially, of a shank `m, feed-block lm', and a breast-plate m2.The-shank is provided with screw-threaded portionsat opposite ends, oneof which engages with a screwthreaded socket IInformed centrally in theboss or hub of the-ratchet-disk. Ehe/opposite end of the shank engageswith a similar screw-threaded socket n', formed in one end collar o. Thebreast-plate is held against lengthwise movement on the feed-block by aset-screw p, engaging in an annular groove 'formedi'n the neck 0.

Q represents a serewplug,whichfits into the 'outer portion of the socketof the breast-plate and isprovided on its inner end with a cavity q,which receives the tapering end of the feedblock. fr represents a numberof openmgs formed in the side of the feed-block, whereby the latter isturnedby a suitable toolinserted in the openings r. f

When it isl desired to ,userthe wrench asa ratchet-brace .or`breast-drill, the feedfblock andshank are firmly screwed together,: soas to form a rigidconnection, andxthefreeend of the shank is secured totherbossiorhubof the-ratchetl-disk. Forl machine or other heavy Work thebreast-plate can he removed by loosf eningthe set-screwzand thetaperingend of `the feed-block besnpported againstsome nxed object whichresiststhe backward movei As theA tool entersthework v ment ofthe tool.the distancebetween the toohandthefeedlblock is lengthened'hyi4 tnrningthe. feedfblock, iwhich causes .the latter pto move `lengthwise .onthe serew-thread-of the shank xandzeftect a feed for the tool.

My improvedwrench canl be manufactured at comparatively-smallcost,.and;with thera'ddition of thebrace M can bei readilytconverted:into a ratchet-brace orsratchetfdrillin avery simple manner.

1. The combination, with thefratchet-disk andthe handle movably attachedthereto, of `clamping-jaws supportedA on said disk, an adjusting-screwengaging with the clampingjaws,and anadjusting-rod-supported on the,handle and adapted tobe connected with the adjusting-screw oftheLclamping-jaws, substantially as set-forth.

2. The combination, with the ratchetfdisk jprovided with a centralhuband a handlesupported on said hub, of the adjustable clamping-jawssupportedon guides formed on said idisk, an adjusting-screw engaginglwith said jaws, and a separateadjusting-rod extending throughthe-handle and adapted to hercon-A IIO 4. The combination, with theratchet-disk provided Wit-h a central hub and a handle supported on saidhub, of the adjustable jaws rnovably supported on guide-rails formed onsaid disk, an adjusting-screw engaging with said jaws, an adj usting-rodengaging with said adjusting-screw, and a spring whereby the rod is heldin engagement with said screw, substantially as set forth. t

5. The combination, with the ratchet-disk, a handle or shank pivotallysecured to said disk, and clamping-jaws movably supported on said disk,of an adjusting-screw engaging with said jaws, an adj usting-rodjournaled in said handle and adapted to be connected with theadjusting-screw, and a sleeve arranged on the handle and engagingwithsaid adjusting-rod, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the ratchet-disk, a handle or shank pivotallysecured to said disk, and adjustable clamping-jaws supported on thedisk, of an adjusting-screw engaging with said jaws, an adjusting-rodmovably supported in the handle and adapted to be connected with theadjusting-screw, a rotating sleeve arrangedon said handle andprovidedwith an y'inclined slot, and a pin secured to the adj usting-rod andengaging in theA slot of the sleeve, substantially as set forth.

3o 7. rlhe combination, with the ratchet-disk,

with said jaws, an adjusting-rod movably supf ported in said handle, aspring whereby the adj usting-rod is held in engagement with theadjusting-screw, a thumb piece or collar se-` cured to the adjusting-rod, and a cam-sleeve surrounding the handle and engaging withthe thumb-piece, whereby the adjusting-rod is disengaged from the adjListing-screw, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the ratchet-disk, a handle or shank pivotallysecured to said disk, and adjustable clamping-jaws movably supported onsaid disk, of an adj Listing-screw engaging with said jaws, an adjusting-rod supported in said handle and adapted to be connected at oneend with the adj usting-screw, a thumb-piece secured to the opposite endofsaid rod, a rotating sleeve bearing against said thumb-piece andprovided with a camslot, and a pin secured to said handle and en gagingwith said cam-slot, substantially as set forth.

Witness my hand this 13th day of July, 1891.

SILVANUS HUSSEY. Witnesses:

J No. J.- BoNNER, EMIL NEUHART.

